Software Test Metrics | Defect Metrics | Defect Slippage Ratio

Introduction:

• Metrics can be defined as “STANDARDS OF MEASUREMENT”.
• A Metric is a unit used for describing or measuring an attribute.
• Test metrics are the means by which software quality can be measured.
• The test provides visibility into the readiness of the product and gives a clear measurement of the quality and completeness of the product.

What are Test Metrics?

Test Metrics are the quantitative measure used to estimate the progress, quality, and other activities of the software testing process.

Why do we Need Metrics?

“You cannot improve what you cannot measure.”

“You cannot control what you cannot measure”

AND TEST METRICS HELP IN

Take decisions for the next phase of activities

Evidence of the Claim or Prediction

Understand the type of improvement required

Take decisions on process or technology changeset

Types of Test Metrics

Base Metrics (Direct Measure)

Base metrics constitute the raw data gathered by a Test Analyst throughout the testing effort. These metrics are used to provide project status reports to the Test Lead and Project Manager; they also feed into the formulas used to derive Calculated Metrics.

Ex: # of Test Cases, # of Test Cases Executed

Calculated Metrics (Indirect Measure)

Calculated Metrics convert the Base Metrics data into more useful information. These types of metrics are generally the responsibility of the Test Lead and can be tracked at many different levels (by module, tester, or project).

Ex: % Complete, % Test Coverage

Metrics Life Cycle

Defect Metrics

Release Criteria

Defect Pattern

Test Plan Coverage on Functionality:

The total number of requirements v/s number of requirements covered through test scripts.

• (No of requirements covered / total number of requirements) * 100

Define requirements at the time of Effort estimation

Example: Total number of requirements estimated is 46, the total number of requirements tested 39, and blocked 7…define what is the coverage?

Note: Define requirements clearly at the project level

Test case Defect Density:

The total number of errors found in test scripts v/s developed and executed.

• (Defective Test Scripts /Total Test Scripts) * 100

Example: Total test script developed 1360, total test script executed 1280, total test script passed 1065, total test script failed 215

So, the test case defect density is

215 X 100

—————————- = 16.8%

1280

This 16.8% value can also be called test case efficiency %, which depends upon the total number of test cases that uncovered defects

Defect Slippage Ratio:

The number of defects slipped (reported from production) v/s number of defects reported during execution.

• Number of Defects Slipped / (Number of Defects Raised – Number of Defects Withdrawn)

Example: Customer filed defects are 21, total defect found while testing is 267, and the total number of invalid defects is 17

So, the Slippage Ratio is
[21/(267-17) ] X 100 = 8.4%

Requirement Volatility:

The number of requirements agreed v/s number of requirements changed.

• (Number of Requirements Added + Deleted + Modified) *100 / Number of Original Requirements
• Ensure that the requirements are normalized or defined properly while estimating

Example: VSS 1.3 release had a total of 67 requirements initially, later they added another 7 new requirements and removed 3 from initial requirements, and modified 11 requirements.

So, the requirement Volatility is

(7 + 3 + 11) * 100/67 = 31.34%

Review Efficiency:

Review Efficiency is a metric that offers insight into the review quality and testing.

Some organizations also use this term as “Static Testing” efficiency and they are aiming to get a min of 30% defects in static testing.

Review efficiency=100* the Total number of defects found by reviews/Total number of project defects.

Example: A project found a total of 269 defects in different reviews, which were fixed and the test team got 476 defects that were reported and valid.

So, Review efficiency is [269/(269+476)] X 100 = 36.1%

Efficiency & Effectiveness of Processes:

• Effectiveness: Doing the right thing. It deals with meeting the desirable attributes that are expected by the customer.
• Efficiency: Doing the thing right. It concerns the resources used for the service to be rendered

Have questions? Contact the software testing experts at InApp to learn more.